CentralNotice Lese Majesty From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Lese Majesty File:Shabazz Palaces - Lese-Majesty albumcover.jpg Studio album by Shabazz Palaces Released July 28, 2014 Recorded 2012–2014 Genre Experimental hip hop Label Sub Pop Producer Shabazz Palaces Lese Majesty is the upcoming second studio album by American hip hop duo Shabazz Palaces . It is scheduled to be released on July 28, 2014, and features contributions from THEESatisfaction ’s Catherine Harris-White, Erik Blood and Thadillac. The album was produced by Shabazz Palaces and mixed by Blood at Protect and Exalt Labs in Seattle. [ 1 ] 1 Background 2 Reception 3 Track listing 4 References Background [ edit ] In an interview with Hypetrak in February 2013, Palaceer Lazaro announced he and Maraire were working on a second album. ...

CentralNotice Laws on crossbows From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search The crossbow often has a complicated legal status due to its lethality and its similarities with both firearms and other archery weapons. 1 Australia 2 Canada 3 Denmark 4 Finland 5 Germany 6 Netherlands 7 Norway 8 Poland 9 Sweden 10 United Kingdom 11 United States 12 References Australia [ edit ] Pistol crossbows are strictly controlled in all Australian states due to their concealable nature. Crossbows can be bought and owned by adults over 18 years of age, while in most states crossbows can only be owned with a special licence, for instance for members of an official sporting club. Control on transport of crossbows between states has increased to prevent unauthorised use of imported crossbows. [ 1 ] Recent changes to laws in Western Australia to prohi...

CentralNotice Vasa (ship) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Vasa's port bow Career (Sweden) Laid down: 1626 Launched: 1627 Fate: Sank in 1628, salvaged in 1961, currently a museum ship General characteristics Tonnage: 1210 tonnes displacement Length: Sparred Length: 69 m (226 ft) Between perpendiculars 47.5 m (155.8 ft) Beam: 11.7 m (38 ft) Height: 52.5 m (172 ft) Draft: 4.8 m (16 ft) Propulsion: Sails, 1,275 square m (13,720 sq ft) Crew: 145 sailors, 300 soldiers Armament: 64 guns, including: 24-pounders—48 3-pounders—8 1-pounders—2 howitzers —6 Notes: Source for dimensions & Tonnage: "Vasa in Numbers, Vasa Museum Vasa (or Wasa ) [ 1 ] is a Swedish warship built 1626-1628. The ship foundered and sank after sailing about 1,300 m (1,400 yd) into her maiden voyage on 10 August...

CentralNotice Avalanche effect From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article is about cryptography . For other meanings, see Snowball effect and Avalanche (disambiguation) . This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2009) In cryptography , the avalanche effect refers to a desirable property of cryptographic algorithms , typically block ciphers and cryptographic hash functions . The avalanche effect is evident if, when an input is changed slightly (for example, flipping a single bit) the output changes significantly (e.g., half the output bits flip). In the case of high-quality block ciphers, such a small change in either the key or the plaintext should cause a drastic ...

CentralNotice Fossil (software) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Fossil (software) Original author(s) D. Richard Hipp Initial release 2006 ( 2006 ) Stable release 1.28 / 27 January 2014 ; 4 months ago ( 2014-01-27 ) Written in C Operating system Cross-platform Type distributed version control system , bug tracking system , wiki software License 2-clause BSD license [ 1 ] Website www.fossil-scm.org Fossil is a distributed version control system , bug tracking system and wiki software server for use in software development created by D. Richard Hipp . 1 Features 2 Adoption 3 Source code hosting 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External links Features [ edit ] Fossil is a cross-platform server that runs on Linux , BSD derivatives, Mac and Windows . It is capable of performing ...

CentralNotice SQLite From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search SQLite Developer(s) D. Richard Hipp Initial release August 2000 ( 2000-08 ) Stable release 3.8.5 (June 4, 2014 ; 8 days ago ( 2014-06-04 ) [ 1 ] ) [±] Written in C Operating system Cross-platform Size 658 KiB Type RDBMS ( embedded ) License Public domain [ 2 ] Website sqlite.org SQLite ( / ˌ ɛ s k juː ɛ l ˈ l aɪ t / [ 3 ] or / ˈ s iː k w ə l . l aɪ t / [ 4 ] ) is a relational database management system contained in a C programming library . In contrast to other database management systems, SQLite is not a separate process that is accessed from the client application, but an integral part of it. SQLite is ACID -compliant and implements most of the SQL standard, using a dynamically and weakly typed SQL syntax that does not guarantee the domain ...

CentralNotice SQLite From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search SQLite Developer(s) D. Richard Hipp Initial release August 2000 ( 2000-08 ) Stable release 3.8.5 (June 4, 2014 ; 8 days ago ( 2014-06-04 ) [ 1 ] ) [±] Written in C Operating system Cross-platform Size 658 KiB Type RDBMS ( embedded ) License Public domain [ 2 ] Website sqlite.org SQLite ( / ˌ ɛ s k juː ɛ l ˈ l aɪ t / [ 3 ] or / ˈ s iː k w ə l . l aɪ t / [ 4 ] ) is a relational database management system contained in a C programming library . In contrast to other database management systems, SQLite is not a separate process that is accessed from the client application, but an integral part of it. SQLite is ACID -compliant and implements most of the SQL standard, using a dynamically and weakly typed SQL syntax that does not guarantee the domain ...

CentralNotice Go! (programming language) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Not to be confused with Go (programming language) , a language released in 2009 by Google. Go! Paradigm(s) Multi-paradigm : concurrent , logic , functional , imperative ( object-based ) Designed by Francis McCabe , Keith Clark Appeared in 2003 Preview release 9-30-07 / September 30, 2007 ( 2007-09-30 ) Typing discipline strong Influenced by Prolog [ 1 ] OS Unix-like License GPLv2 Go! is an agent-based programming language in the tradition of logic-based programming languages like Prolog . [ 1 ] It was introduced in a 2003 paper by Francis McCabe and Keith Clark . [ 2 ] 1 Design 2 Example 3 Conflict with Google 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links Design [ edit ] The authors of Go! describe it as "a multi...

CentralNotice Halt and Catch Fire From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search For the television series, see Halt and Catch Fire (TV series) . Halt and Catch Fire , known by the mnemonic HCF , refers to several computer machine code instructions that cause a computer's CPU to cease meaningful operation. The expression "catch fire" is intended as a joke; the CPU does not literally catch fire, but it does stop functioning. It is also occasionally referred to as "SDI" for "Self Destruct Immediate". 1 In early CPUs 2 In modern CPUs 2.1 Motorola 6800 3 See also 4 References 5 External links In early CPUs [ edit ] In a computer's assembly language , mnemonics are used that are directly equivalent to machine code instructions. The mnemonics are frequently three letters long, such as ADD, CMP (to compare two numbers), and JMP (jump to a ...

CentralNotice Hype cycle From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Hype Cycle ) Jump to: navigation , search This article appears to be written like an advertisement . Please help improve it by rewriting promotional content from a neutral point of view and removing any inappropriate external links . (April 2013) Hype cycle The Hype Cycle is a branded graphical tool developed and used by IT research and advisory firm Gartner for representing the maturity, adoption and social application of specific technologies . 1 Five phases 2 Hype in new media 3 Criticisms 4 References 5 External links Five phases [ edit ] general Hype Cycle for technology Each Hype Cycle drills down into the five key phases of a technology’s life cycle. No. Phase Description 1 Technology Trigger A potential technology breakthrough kicks things o...

CentralNotice AI winter From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search In the history of artificial intelligence , an AI winter is a period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research. [ 1 ] The term was coined by analogy to the idea of a nuclear winter . The field has experienced several cycles of hype , followed by disappointment and criticism, followed by funding cuts, followed by renewed interest years or decades later. There were two major winters in 1974–80 and 1987–93 [ 2 ] and several smaller episodes, including: 1966: the failure of machine translation , 1970: the abandonment of connectionism , 1971–75: DARPA 's frustration with the Speech Understanding Research program at Carnegie Mellon University , 1973: the large decrease in AI research in the United Kingdom in response to the Lighthill report , 1973–74: DARPA 's cu...

CentralNotice Political views and activism of Rage Against the Machine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Rage Against the Machine burning the American flag at Woodstock 1999 Rage Against the Machine is a Grammy Award -winning rap metal band, formed in 1991 in Los Angeles , California , United States . The band's line-up consists of vocalist Zack de la Rocha , bassist and backing vocalist Tim Commerford , guitarist Tom Morello and drummer Brad Wilk . Critics have noted Rage Against the Machine for its "fiercely polemical music, which brewed sloganeering leftist rants against corporate America, cultural imperialism , and government oppression into a Molotov cocktail of punk , hip-hop , and thrash ." [ 1 ] Their lack of want for authority often relates to the views of Left-Libertarianism including Libertarian Marxism and Anarcho-communis...

CentralNotice Vector clock From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Vector clocks ) Jump to: navigation , search Vector clocks is an algorithm for generating a partial ordering of events in a distributed system and detecting causality violations. Just as in Lamport timestamps , interprocess messages contain the state of the sending process's logical clock . A vector clock of a system of N processes is an array /vector of N logical clocks, one clock per process; a local "smallest possible values" copy of the global clock-array is kept in each process, with the following rules for clock updates: Example of a system of vector clocks. Events in the blue region are the causes leading to event B4, whereas those in the red region are the effects of event B4 Initially all clocks are zero. Each time a process experiences an internal event, it increments its own...

CentralNotice dbm From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article is about the family of database engines. For other uses, see DBM . The dbm library was a simple database engine , originally written by Ken Thompson and released by AT&T in 1979. The name is a three letter acronym for database manager , and can also refer to the family of database engines with APIs and features derived from the original dbm . The dbm library stores arbitrary data by use of a single key (a primary key ) in fixed-size buckets and uses hashing techniques to enable fast retrieval of the data by key. The hashing scheme used is a form of extendible hashing , so that the hashing scheme expands as new buckets are added to the database, meaning that, when nearly empty, the database starts with one bucket, which is then split when it becomes full. The two resulting ...

CentralNotice Potoooooooo From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Potoooooooo (Pot-8-Os) Potoooooooo, or Pot-8-Os Sire Eclipse Grandsire Marske Dam Sportsmistress Damsire Regulus Sex Stallion Foaled 1773 Country Great Britain Colour Chestnut Breeder Willoughby Bertie Owner 1st Earl Grosvenor Record 40-34 wins [ 1 ] Major wins 1200 Guineas Stakes (1778) Clermont Cup (1779, 1780, 1782) Jockey Club Plate (1780, 1781, 1782) October Cup (1780) Newmarket Whip (1781, 1783) Craven Stakes (1782) Potoooooooo or Pot-8-Os (foaled in 1773) was a famous 18th-century Thoroughbred racehorse who defeated some of the greatest racehorses and later became an influential sire. 1 Background 2 Racing career 3 Stud career 4 References 5 External links Background [ edit ] Pot-8-Os was a chest...

CentralNotice Ware Tetralogy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search The Ware Tetralogy is a series of four science fiction novels by author Rudy Rucker : Software (1982), Wetware (1988), Freeware (1997) and Realware (2000). The first two books both received the Philip K. Dick Award for best novel. The closest to the cyberpunk genre of all his works, the tetralogy explores themes such as rapid technological change, generational differences , and recreational drug use . In 2010, Prime Books published The Ware Tetralogy: Four Novels by Rudy Rucker , which collects the entire series in a single paperback volume and includes an introduction by noted cyberpunk author William Gibson . The online version of The Ware Tetralogy was simultaneously released for free distribution under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No-Derivative License. [1] ...

CentralNotice Consistent hashing From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Consistent hashing is a special kind of hashing such that when a hash table is resized and consistent hashing is used, only keys need to be remapped on average, where is the number of keys, and is the number of slots. In contrast, in most traditional hash tables , a change in the number of array slots causes nearly all keys to be remapped. Consistent hashing achieves the same goals as Rendezvous hashing (also called HRW Hashing). The two techniques use different algorithms, and were devised independently and contemporaneously. 1 History 2 Need for consistent hashing 3 Technique 4 Monotonic keys 5 Properties 6 Examples of use 7 References 8 External links History [ edit ] Originally devised by Karger et al. at MIT for use in distributed caching, the idea h...

CentralNotice Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2014) The Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula ( BBP formula ) is a spigot algorithm for computing the n th binary digit of pi (symbol: π ) using base 16 math. The formula can directly calculate the value of any given digit of π without calculating the preceding digits. The BBP is a summation -style formula that was discovered in 1995 by Simon Plouffe and was named after the authors of the paper in which the formula was published, David H. Bailey , Peter Borwein , and Simon Plouffe . Before that paper, it had been published by Plouffe on his own site. [ 1 ] The formula is ...

CentralNotice Moonbase Alpha (video game) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2011) Moonbase Alpha Developer(s) Virtual Heroes, Inc. America's Army Game Studio Publisher(s) NASA Learning Technologies Engine Unreal Engine 3 [ 1 ] Platform(s) Microsoft Windows Release date(s) July 6, 2010 Genre(s) Simulation Mode(s) Single-player , multiplayer Distribution digital download ( Steam ) Moonbase Alpha is a video game that provides a realistic simulation of life on a natural satellite based on potential moon base programs. It was made by the Army Game Studio, developers of America's Army , and Virtual Heroes, In...

CentralNotice Immortal Game From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Game animation The Immortal Game is a chess game played by Adolf Anderssen and Lionel Kieseritzky on 21 June 1851 in London, during a break of the first international tournament . The bold sacrifices made by Anderssen to secure victory have made it one of the most famous chess games of all time. Anderssen gave up both rooks and a bishop, then his queen , checkmating his opponent with his three remaining minor pieces . The game has been called an achievement "perhaps unparalleled in chess literature". [ 1 ] 1 General description 2 Annotated game 3 In popular culture 4 See also 5 References 6 External links General description [ edit ] Checkmate of the Immortal Game Adolf Anderssen was one of the strongest players of his time, and many consider him to hav...

CentralNotice Graveyard spiral From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Graveyard spiral In aviation , a graveyard spiral is a dangerous spiral dive entered into accidentally by a pilot who is not trained or not proficient in instrument flight when flying in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). [ 1 ] Other names for this phenomenon include "suicide spiral", "deadly spiral", "death spiral" and "vicious spiral". [ 2 ] Graveyard spirals are most common in nighttime or poor weather conditions where no horizon exists to provide visual correction for misleading inner-ear cues. [ 3 ] Graveyard spirals are the result of several sensory illusions in aviation which may occur in actual or simulated IMC, when the pilot experiences spatial disorientation and loses awareness of the aircraft's attitude. In other words, the pilot loses the ability t...

CentralNotice Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article contains Ruby annotation. Without proper rendering support , you may see transcriptions in parentheses after the character instead of ruby glosses. This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2008) The Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den ( simplified Chinese : 施氏食狮史 ; traditional Chinese : 施氏食獅史 ; pinyin : Shī Shì shí shī shǐ ; literally: "The Story of Shi Eating Lions") is a 92-character modern poem written in Classical Chinese by Yuen Ren Chao (1892–1982), in which every syllable has the sound shi (in different tones ) when read in modern Mandarin Chinese . It is a famous example of con...

CentralNotice Coroutine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Coroutines are computer program components that generalize subroutines to allow multiple entry points for suspending and resuming execution at certain locations. Coroutines are well-suited for implementing more familiar program components such as cooperative tasks , exceptions , event loop , iterators , infinite lists and pipes . The term coroutine was coined by Melvin Conway in a 1963 paper. [ 1 ] 1 Comparison with subroutines 2 Comparison with generators 3 Common uses 3.1 Comparison with mutual recursion 4 Programming languages with native support 5 Implementations 6 Alternatives 6.1 Implementation in the .NET Framework as fibers 6.2 Implementation in Mono 6.3 Implementations for Java 6.4 Implementations for C 6.5 Implementations for C++ 6.6 Implementations f...

CentralNotice Moon Treaty From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Moon Treaty Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies Ratifications and signatories of the treaty signed and ratified only signed Signed December 18, 1979 Location New York, USA Effective July 11, 1984 Condition 5 ratifications Signatories 11 Parties 16 [ 1 ] (as of May 2014) Depositary Government of the United States of America Languages English, French, Russian, Spanish and Turkish Moon Treaty at Wikisource International ownership treaties Antarctic Treaty System Law of the Sea Outer Space Treaty Moon Treaty International waters v t e The Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies , [ 2 ] better known as the Moon Treaty or Moon A...

CentralNotice Space law From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2008) Space law is an area of the law that encompasses national and international law governing activities in outer space . International lawyers have been unable to agree on a uniform definition of the term "outer space", although most lawyers agree that outer space generally begins at the lowest altitude above sea level at which objects can orbit the Earth , approximately 100 km (60 mi). The inception of the field of space law began with the launch of the world's first artificial satellite by the Soviet Union in October 1957. Named Sputnik 1 , the satellite was launched as part of ...