CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search In cryptography , a timing attack is a side channel attack in which the attacker attempts to compromise a cryptosystem by analyzing the time taken to execute cryptographic algorithms. Every logical operation in a computer takes time to execute, and the time can differ based on the input; with precise measurements of the time for each operation, an attacker can work backwards to the input. [1] Information can leak from a system through measurement of the time it takes to respond to certain queries. How much such information can help an attacker depends on many variables: crypto system design, the CPU running the system, the algorithms used, assorted implementation details, timing attack countermeasures, the accuracy of the timing measurements, etc. Timing attacks are often overlooked in the...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia . See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (March 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Diseases of affluence is a term sometimes given to selected diseases and other health conditions which are commonly thought to be a result of increasing wealth in a society. [1] Psychologists' research is probing why affluent people enjoy better health. Epidemiological studies have confirmed the relationship between income, education and occupation on the one hand and health outcomes on the other. Studies have found that relative risk of death increased significantly as rank decreased. The message is simple: the lower a person's socioeconomic status, the greater th...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) ‹ The template below ( Underlinked ) is being considered for merging. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. › This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia . Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text. (February 2013) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article is an orphan , as no other articles link to it . Please introduce links to this page from related articles ; try the Find link tool for suggestions. (February 2013) ( Learn how and when to remove this te...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 13 May 2017 . Jump to: navigation , search Jeanne Calment Calment celebrating her 121st birthday in 1996 Born Jeanne Louise Calment ( 1875-02-21 ) 21 February 1875 Arles , France Died 4 August 1997 ( 1997-08-04 ) (aged 7004447240000000000♠ 122 years, 164 days) Arles, France Nationality French Known for Longest confirmed human lifespan since 12 May 1990 Oldest living person (11 January 1988 – 4 August 1997) Only verified person to live to 120 years or beyond First verified person to live to 116 years or beyond Spouse(s) Fernand Calment (m. 1896–1942) Children 1 Jeanne Louise Calment ( French: [ʒan lwiz kalmɑ̃] ; 21 February 1875 – 4 August 1997) [1] was a French supercentenarian who has the longest confirmed human lifespan o...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search It has been suggested that this article be merged with Electrophonic hearing . ( Discuss ) Proposed since August 2016. The microwave auditory effect , also known as the microwave hearing effect or the Frey effect , consists of audible clicks (or, with speech modulation, spoken words) induced by pulsed/modulated microwave frequencies. The clicks are generated directly inside the human head without the need of any receiving electronic device. The effect was first reported by persons working in the vicinity of radar transponders during World War II . During the Cold War era, the American neuroscientist Allan H. Frey studied this phenomenon and was the first to publish [1] information on the nature of the microwave auditory effect. Pulsed microwave radiation can be heard by some worke...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Agriculture History History of organic farming British Agricultural Revolution Green Revolution Neolithic Revolution Farming Dairy Dryland Extensive Free-range Grazing Hobby Intensive animal crop Natural Organic Pig Poultry Other types Aquaculture Aquaponics Hydroponics Orchard Ranching Sharecropping Slash-and-burn Stock-free Sustainable Urban Related Agribusiness Agricultural engineering Agricultural science Agroecology Agroforestry Agronomy Animal husbandry ( sheep ) Crop diversity Ecology Livestock Mechanisation Permaculture Lists Government ministries Universities and colleges Categories Agriculture by country companies Biotechnology Livestock Meat industry Poultry farming Agriculture and agronomy portal v t e ...

CentralNotice I Feel So Alive From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for music . Please help to establish notability by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond its mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be established, the article is likely to be merged , redirected , or deleted . ‹ The template below ( Find sources mainspace ) is being considered for merging. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. › Find sources: "I Feel So Alive" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2013) ( Learn...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Not to be confused with Promise theory . In computer science , future , promise , delay , and deferred refer to constructs used for synchronizing program execution in some concurrent programming languages . They describe an object that acts as a proxy for a result that is initially unknown, usually because the computation of its value is yet incomplete. The term promise was proposed in 1976 by Daniel P. Friedman and David Wise, [1] and Peter Hibbard called it eventual . [2] A somewhat similar concept future was introduced in 1977 in a paper by Henry Baker and Carl Hewitt . [3] The terms future , promise , delay , and deferred are often used interchangeably, although some differences in usage between future and promise are treated below. Specifically, when usage is distinguished, a future ...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search File File history File usage Global file usage Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 800 × 427 pixels . Other resolutions: 320 × 171 pixels | 640 × 341 pixels | 1,024 × 546 pixels | 1,280 × 683 pixels | 960 × 512 pixels . Original file ‎ (SVG file, nominally 960 × 512 pixels, file size: 29 KB) This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons . Information from its description page there is shown below. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help . Description Glacial Cirque Formation EN.svg English: Schematic profile of a cirque and cirque glacier, showing Bergschrund, randkluft and the headwall gap Date 22 January 2010 Source Own work , based on Rasemann, Stefan (2003). Reliefformen des Hochgebirges . Archived from the original on 2007-06-10 . Auth...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies ( NEAT ) is a genetic algorithm for the generation of evolving artificial neural networks (a neuroevolution technique) developed by Ken Stanley in 2002 while at The University of Texas at Austin . It alters both the weighting parameters and structures of networks, attempting to find a balance between the fitness of evolved solutions and their diversity. It is based on applying three key techniques: tracking genes with history markers to allow crossover among topologies, applying speciation (the evolution of species) to preserve innovations, and developing topologies incrementally from simple initial structures ("complexifying"). 1 Performance 2 Complexification 3 Implementation 4 Extensions 4.1 rtNEAT 4.2 Phased pruning 4.3 HyperNEAT 4.4 ...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Not to be confused with Bloom shader effect . Part of a series on Probabilistic data structures Bloom filter Count–min sketch Quotient filter Skip list Random trees Random binary tree Treap Rapidly exploring random tree Related Randomized algorithm Computer science portal v t e A Bloom filter is a space-efficient probabilistic data structure , conceived by Burton Howard Bloom in 1970, that is used to test whether an element is a member of a set . False positive matches are possible, but false negatives are not – in other words, a query returns either "possibly in set" or "definitely not in set". Elements can be added to the set, but not removed (though this can be addressed with a "counting" filter); the more elements that are added to the set, the ...

CentralNotice I Wanna Be the Boshy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines for products and services . Please help to establish notability by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond its mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be established, the article is likely to be merged , redirected , or deleted . Find sources: "I Wanna Be the Boshy" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR · free images (December 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) I Wanna Be the Boshy Developer(s) Jesper Erlandsen Publisher(s) Freeware download Designer(s) Jesper Erlandsen Engine Multimedia Fusion 2 [1] Release 2010 [2] Genre(s) platformer I W...

CentralNotice I Wanna Be the Guy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article relies too much on references to primary sources . Please improve this by adding secondary or tertiary sources . (December 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) I Wanna Be The Guy: The Movie: The Game Title screen of I Wanna Be the Guy , influenced by the title screen of Mega Man 2 Publisher(s) Independent video game development Designer(s) Michael "Kayin" O'Reilly Programmer(s) Michael "Kayin" O'Reilly Engine Multimedia Fusion 2 Platform(s) Microsoft Windows Release October 5, 2007 Genre(s) Action-adventure , platformer Mode(s) Single-player I Wanna Be the Guy: The Movie: The Game ( IWBTG ) is a 2D platform indie freeware video game created by Michael "Kayin" O'Reilly for Microsoft...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search 45th Weather Squadron 45th Weather Squadron Patch Active 1991--present Country United States Branch Air Force ( Weather Agency ) Type Squadron Role Weather surveillance Part of 45th Space Wing Garrison/HQ Patrick Air Force Base , Florida 45th Weather Squadron (45 WS), 45th Operations Group (45 OG), 45th Space Wing , at Patrick Air Force Base , Florida performs weather assessments for air and space operations; specifically, weather observations, forecasts, advisories, and warnings. It specialized in the weather assessments for the Space Shuttle launches at Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . [1] [2] The 45 WS provides comprehensive weather data and specialized services for USAF and NASA personnel, such as for flight safety, ...

CentralNotice Badgers From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Looping GIF of the badgers dancing Badgers is a Flash cartoon by British animator Jonti "Weebl" Picking . It consists of 12 animated cartoon badgers doing calisthenics , a toadstool in front of a tree, and a snake in the desert . The Flash cartoon is accompanied by electronic dance music . [1] This Flash cartoon was published 2 September 2003. The cartoon loops indefinitely. The first two badger scenes contain twelve badgers; subsequent badger scenes contain eleven badgers. 1 Critical reception 2 Whitelands College 3 Lyrics 4 Follow-up versions 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Critical reception [ edit ] The cartoon brought Picking to the attention of MTV Europe , for whom Picking produced Weebl and Bob . [1] That cartoon series, together with the dan...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search For the album by Little Brother, see The Minstrel Show . Detail from cover of The Celebrated Negro Melodies, as Sung by the Virginia Minstrels , 1843 The minstrel show , or minstrelsy , was an American form of entertainment developed in the early 19th century. Each show consisted of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music. The shows were performed by white people in make-up or blackface for the purpose of playing the role of black people . There were also some African-American performers and all-black minstrel groups that formed and toured. Minstrel shows lampooned black people as dim-witted, [1] lazy, [1] buffoonish, [1] [2] superstitious and happy-go-lucky. [1] Minstrel shows emerged as brief burlesques and comic entr'actes in the early 1830s and were developed into full-fle...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2008) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) For the Ornette Coleman album see Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation . Free jazz Stylistic origins Jazz experimental avant-garde Cultural origins 1950s, United States Derivative forms Loft jazz post-rock Fusion genres Progressive rock punk jazz Regional scenes Europe Other topics Avant-garde jazz free improvisation Free jazz is an approach to jazz music that was first developed in the 1950s and 1960s as musicians attempted to alter, extend, or break down jazz convention, often ...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Mithridatism is the practice of protecting oneself against a poison by gradually self-administering non-lethal amounts. The word is derived from Mithridates VI , the King of Pontus , who so feared being poisoned that he regularly ingested small doses, aiming to develop immunity . 1 Background 2 In practice 3 Peanut allergies 4 In fiction 5 In poetry 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Background [ edit ] Mithridates VI 's father, Mithridates V , was assassinated by poisoning, said to be at his mother's orders. After this, Mithridates VI's mother held regency over Pontus until a male heir came of age. Mithridates was in competition with his brother for the throne and his mother began to favor his brother. [1] :68 Supposedly, during his youth, he began to suspect plots a...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article is written like a personal reflection or opinion essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings about a topic . Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style . (March 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject . You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate. (December 2010) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to rem...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Robin Olds Col Robin Olds with his trademark mustache, conducting a pre-combat mission walk around inspection of his F-4 fighter, at Ubon RTAFB , Thailand , circa Sept 1967. [1] Birth name Robert Oldys, Jr. Born ( 1922-07-14 ) July 14, 1922 Honolulu, Hawaii , U.S. Died June 14, 2007 ( 2007-06-14 ) (aged 84) Steamboat Springs, Colorado , U.S. Place of burial United States Air Force Academy Cemetery Allegiance United States of America Service/branch United States Air Force Years of service 1943–1973 Rank Brigadier General Commands held 434th Fighter Squadron No. 1 Squadron RAF 86th Fighter-Interceptor Group 81st Tactical Fighter Wing 8th Tactical Fighter Wing Battles/wars World War II Vietnam War Operation Bolo Awards Air F...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Catherine Destivelle Personal information Nationality French Born ( 1960-07-24 ) July 24, 1960 (age 56) Oran , French Algeria Climbing career Type of climber Rock climber Mountaineer Known for Many popular rock climbing and free solo climbing movies since 1985 First woman to give her name to a climbing route (1991) First woman to solo ascend the north face of the Eiger (1992) First ascents First woman to climb Nameless Tower , Trango, Karakoram in 1990 (with Jeff Lowe ) First ascent of Mount Viets and Peak 4111 in the Ellsworth Mountains , Antarctica in 1996 (with Érik Decamp) Named routes Voie Destivelle in Les Drus Catherine Monique Suzanne Destivelle (born 24 July 1960) is a French rock climber and mountaineer . [1] In 1992 she became the first wo...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search For other uses, see Gaslight (disambiguation) . This article is part of a series on Misinformation and disinformation List Types Big lie Circular sourcing Deception Doublespeak Echo chamber Euphemistic misspeaking Euromyth False flag Factoid Fallacy Fake news by country online Filter bubble Gaslighting Half-truth Hoax Ideological framing Internet manipulation Media manipulation Post-truth Propaganda Quote mining Scientific fabrication Social bot Spin Related article series Fraud Media manipulation Propaganda v t e Gaslighting is a form of manipulation that seeks to sow seeds of doubt in a targeted individual or members of a group, hoping to make targets question their own memory, perception, and sanity. Using persistent denial , misdirection, contradic...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search In mathematics , the Kolakoski sequence (named after William Kolakoski ) is an infinite sequence of symbols {1,2} which is its own run-length encoding . [1] The initial terms of the sequence are: 1,2,2,1,1,2,1,2,2,1,2,2,1,1,2,1,1,2,2,1,2,1,1,2,1,2,2,1,1,… (sequence A000002 in the OEIS ) Each symbol occurs in a "run" of either one or two consecutive terms, and writing down the lengths of these runs gives exactly the same sequence. It is the unique sequence with this property except for the same sequence with the initial 1 deleted. [1] 1 Algorithm 2 Density 3 History 4 See also 5 Notes 6 Further reading 7 External links Algorithm [ edit ] The sequence may be generated by an algorithm that, in the i th iteration, reads the value x i that has already been output as the i th...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search For other uses, see Hum (disambiguation) . The Hum is a phenomenon, or collection of phenomena, involving widespread reports of a persistent and invasive low-frequency humming, rumbling, or droning noise not audible to all people. Hums have been widely reported by national media in the UK and the United States. The Hum is sometimes prefixed with the name of a locality where the problem has been particularly publicized: e.g., the " Bristol Hum", the " Taos Hum" or the " Windsor Hum". It is unclear whether it is a single phenomenon; different causes have been attributed. In some cases, it may be a manifestation of tinnitus . 1 Description 2 History 3 Possible explanations 3.1 Mechanical devices 3.2 Tinnitus 3.2.1 Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions 3.3 Fish 4 Media coverage 5...

CentralNotice From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search A puzzle jug from the Museum of Somerset in England A puzzle jug is a puzzle in the form of a jug , popular in the 18th and 19th centuries. Puzzle jugs of varying quality were popular in homes and taverns. An inscription typically challenges the drinker to consume the contents without spilling them, which, because the neck of the jug is perforated, is impossible to do conventionally. The solution to the puzzle is that the jug has a hidden tube, one end of which is the spout. The tube usually runs around the rim and then down the handle, with its other opening inside the jug and near the bottom. To solve the puzzle, the drinker must suck from the spout end of the tube. To make the puzzle more interesting, it was common to provide a number of additional holes along the tube, which must ...